Our latest research:

Modular Money: Liquid Staking for People in a Hurry

Explore LSTs across Cosmos and modular chains in the Celestia ecosystem with Stride.

L1s vs. L2s, Rollups vs. Integrated, General-purpose vs. App-specific

When, where, and why to build an L1 vs. an L2, a rollup vs. an integrated chain, and an app-chain vs. a general-purpose chain.

Do Rollups Inherit Security?

Chains aren't secure, confirmation rules are.

Endgame: Proof of Governance

Analysis of the endgame for proof-of-stake, liquid staking tokens, dual governance, proof-of-governance, restaking, & PEPC.

The Rollup Multiverse

Follow-up post on rollups’ fundamental security and social consensus properties.

Rollups Are L1s (& L2s)

A.k.a. How Rollups *Actually Actually Actually* Work

How To Do Lower-Case r research

Reflections, ramblings, and advice after a year in crypto.

SUAVE, Anoma, Shared Sequencers, & Super Builders

Analysis of how SUAVE and Anoma approach the preferences/intents space from opposite ends. Related discussion on shared sequencers, super builders, and cross-domain atomicity.

Rollups Aren’t Real

How to make rollups real. The complete guide to sequencer decentralization, shared sequencers, cross-chain atomicity, MEV-awareness for rollups, and SUAVE.

Encrypted Mempools

Discussion of various encrypted mempool schemes as tools to address MEV and censorship.